Morocco expands avocado production despite worsening drought

RABAT, Morocco (MNTV) — Morocco’s avocado industry is rapidly expanding, with production and exports reaching record highs despite the country’s deepening water crisis, raising questions about the sustainability of the sector.

According to recent reports, Morocco ranked as Africa’s third-largest avocado producer in 2023, harvesting more than 118,000 tons. 

The following season marked a breakthrough, with exports surpassing 10,000 tons and generating nearly $179 million, alongside a threefold increase in planted areas from 4,000 hectares in 2018 to 12,000 hectares.

Major export markets include Spain, France, and the Netherlands, while Kenya leads the continent with over 542,000 tons produced in 2023–2024, followed by Ethiopia at 167,000 tons, and South Africa with 108,000 tons.

Despite the sector’s success, Morocco faces severe drought pressures. Official data shows dam levels dropped to just 34.2 percent of capacity in August 2025. 

In response, the government has enacted water-saving measures, including cancelling the Eid al-Adha sacrifice ritual, banning the slaughter of female livestock, and launching campaigns to encourage rational water use.

Critics warn that avocado expansion may worsen the crisis. Parliament Member Fatima Tamni argued that the government has failed to curb exports or adjust crop production to protect water resources, noting that fruits and vegetables grown for foreign markets continue to strain supplies.

While Morocco surpassed 100,000 tons in avocado exports earlier this year, the debate over balancing economic gains with water sustainability is intensifying as the sector expands.